Spørgsmål og svar (FAQ)
Spørgsmål og svar (FAQ)
Frequently asked questions about IVF in Georgia
Why IVF in Georgia?
Georgia - your unforgettable IVF destination country
Georgia situated at the strategically important crossroads of Europe and Asia has a unique and ancient cultural heritage and is famed for its traditions of hospitality and cuisine. The country has decades of experience in the IVF industry and we are happy to fulfill your dream and support planning your IVF journey here.
International experience and standards
All IVF centers there are following American (ASRM) or European standards (ESHRE) of IVF treatment.
IVF has many steps until embryos are created, initial consultation with our coordinators, and medical team is needed to individually discuss and plan tests that you may need before travel, then special agenda will be drafted for you considering all logistic and medical aspects (medical stimulation monitoring, IVF itself, embryo development, embryo transfer). Each step is timing and the team will do their best to adjust all steps on your work and lifestyle.
Pre-Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A)
Considering the importance of family balance for some intended parents, we are offering a solution with Pre-Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A). PGT-A is a method of examining an embryo to determine the number of chromosomes in the embryo’s cells and also to know the gender of your embryos. Every healthy human being has 46 (23 pairs) of chromosomes, when the cells of an embryo have this complete set of chromosomes, it is referred to as euploid. When the cells of an embryo have an abnormal number of chromosomes it is known as aneuploid
Which lab tests in case of the own egg program are requested?
Female lab tests:
• FSH, LH, ESTRADIOL, PRL, and vaginal ultrasound on day 3 of her period to check antral follicular count.
• AMH, TSH, FT4, PAP smear, Mammogram (or breast ultrasound), and infections B, C hepatitis, HIV, RPR. (all tests should be done in the last 6 months),
Male lab tests:
• Sperm lab, infections B, C hepatitis, HIV, RPR.
How long is the IVF process from beginning to end?
– IVF is a complicated process with many steps. On average, you can expect the process to last four to six weeks. This includes the time before egg retrieval when a person takes fertility medication until they’re tested for pregnancy.
Ovarian stimulation:
During each natural cycle in a healthy person of reproductive age, a group of eggs begins to mature each month. Typically, only one egg becomes mature enough to ovulate. The remaining immature eggs in that group disintegrate. During your IVF cycle, you’ll take injectable hormone medications to encourage the entire group of that cycle’s eggs to mature simultaneously and fully. This means, that instead of having just one egg (like in a natural cycle), you may have many eggs. The type, dosage, and frequency of medications prescribed will be tailored to you as an individual based on your medical history, age, AMH (anti-mullerian hormone) level, and your response to ovarian stimulation during previous IVF cycles.
Monitoring:
Your ovaries’ response to the medications is monitored by ultrasounds and blood hormone levels. Monitoring can occur daily or every few days over two weeks. Most stimulations last between eight and 14 days. At monitoring appointments, healthcare providers use ultrasound to look at your uterus and ovaries. The eggs themselves are too small to be visible with ultrasound. But, your healthcare providers will measure the size and number of growing ovarian follicles. Follicles are little sacks within the ovaries that should each contain a single egg. The size of each follicle indicates the maturity of the egg it contains. Most follicles greater than 14 millimeters (mm) contain a mature egg. The eggs contained within follicles less than 14 mm are more likely be immature and won’t fertilize.
Trigger shot:
When your eggs are ready for final maturation (determined by your ultrasound and hormone levels), a “trigger shot” is given to finalize the maturation of your eggs in preparation for egg retrieval. You’ll be instructed to administer the trigger shot exactly 36 hours before your scheduled egg retrieval time.
Egg retrieval:
Your healthcare provider uses an ultrasound to guide a thin needle into each of your ovaries through your vagina. The needle is connected to a suction device used to pull your eggs out of each follicle. Your eggs are placed in a dish containing a special solution. The dish is then put in an incubator (controlled environment). Medication and mild sedation are used to reduce discomfort during this procedure. Egg retrieval is done 36 hours after your last hormone injection, the “trigger shot.”
Fertilization:
The afternoon after your egg retrieval procedure, the embryologist will try to fertilize all mature eggs using intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or ICSI. This means that sperm will be injected into each mature egg. Immature eggs cannot have ICSI performed on them. The immature eggs will be placed in a dish with sperm and nutrients. Immature eggs rarely finish their maturation process in the dish. If an immature egg does mature, the sperm in the dish can then attempt to fertilize the egg. On average, 70% of mature eggs will fertilize. For example, if 10 mature eggs are retrieved, about seven will fertilize. If successful, the fertilized egg will become an embryo. If there are an exceedingly large number of eggs or you don’t want all eggs fertilized, some eggs may be frozen before fertilization for future use.
Embryo development:
Over the next five to six days, the development of your embryos will be carefully monitored. Your embryo must overcome significant hurdles to become an embryo suitable for transfer to your uterus. On average, 50% of fertilized embryos progress to the blastocyst stage. This is the stage most suitable for transfer to your uterus. For example, if seven eggs were fertilized, three or four of them might develop to the blastocyst stage. The remaining 50% typically fail to progress and are discarded. All embryos suitable for transfer will be frozen on day five or six of fertilization to be used for future embryo transfers.
PGS same PGT-A:
Is a method of examining an embryo to determine the number of chromosomes in the embryo’s cells and also to know the gender of your embryos. Every healthy human being has 46 (23 pairs) of chromosomes, when the cells of an embryo have this complete set of chromosomes, it is referred to as euploid. When the cells of an embryo have an abnormal number of chromosomes it is known as aneuploid. Most aneuploidies are incompatible with life and as such, after having been transferred to the uterus, they do not implant, or even if they do implant, they result in failed pregnancies. Those are some aneuploidy conditions compatible with life and can be detected of course by PGS testing,
• Trisomy 21: Down syndrome
• Trisomy 18: Edwards syndrome
• Trisomy 13: Patau syndrome
• Sex chromosome aneuploidies, such as 47 XXY Klinefelter syndrome in men
• 45 XO Turner syndrome
• 47 XXX triple X syndrome
• 47 XYY Jacobs syndrome.
With PGS tests you can check chromosome structure and check above stated disorders,. A biopsy is performed on days 5-6 of embryo development before freezing. Results take up to 2-3 weeks and then we can plan the embryo transfer procedure.
Embryo transfer:
There are two kinds of embryo transfers: fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer. Your healthcare provider can discuss using fresh or frozen embryos with you and decide what’s best based on your unique situation. Both frozen and fresh embryo transfers follow the same transfer process. The main difference is implied by the name.
• A fresh embryo transfer means your embryo is inserted into your or surrogate’s uterus between three and seven days after the egg retrieval procedure. This embryo hasn’t been frozen and is “fresh.”
• A frozen embryo transfer means that frozen embryos (from a previous IVF cycle or donor eggs) are thawed and inserted into your or surrogate’s uterus. This is a more common practice for logistical reasons and because this method is more likely to result in a live birth. Frozen embryo transfers can occur years after egg retrieval and fertilization. As part of the first step in a frozen embryo transfer, you will take oral, injectable, vaginal, or transdermal hormones to prepare the uterus for accepting an embryo. Usually, this is 14 to 21 days of oral medication followed by six days of injections. Typically, you’ll have two or three appointments during this time to monitor the readiness of your uterus with ultrasound and to measure your hormone levels with a blood test. When your uterus is ready, you’ll be scheduled for the embryo transfer procedure. The process is similar if you’re using fresh embryos, except embryo transfer happens within three to five days of being retrieved.
The embryo transfer is a simple procedure that doesn’t require anesthesia. It feels similar to a pelvic exam or Pap smear. A speculum is placed within the vagina, and a thin catheter is inserted through the cervix into the uterus. A syringe attached to the other end of the catheter contains one or more embryos. The embryos are injected it the uterus through the catheter. The procedure typically takes less than 10 minutes.
IVF behandling